Like all flies, mosquitoes go through four stages in their lifecycles: egg, larvae, pupa, and adult or imago. The first three stages—egg, larvae, and pupa—are largely aquatic. Mosquito adults are small, delicate, two-winged flies. At first you might mistake them for the widely distributed, nonbiting midges. However, female mosquitoes differ from similar insects because of their long, slender proboscis—a tubular feeding organ adapted for piercing skin and sucking blood.

Male mosquitoes also have a proboscis, but unlike females—who need the extra protein in blood in order to mature their eggs—they’re only used for sucking plant juices and other sources of sugar. Mosquito larvae, or wigglers, are usually black or brown, occurring in stagnant or nearly still water in surface pools, tree holes, or man-made containers such as abandoned tires.

Can a few mosquito bites now and then be tolerated? Mosquitos are usually active at very specific times of day and year. Can you remain indoors during those times—or wear protective clothing and repellents? These are questions you must decide for yourself. Be aware, the more tolerant you are, the fewer treatments you will have to do.

Larvae control is usually accomplished with insecticides or oil applied to the water. This can be hazardous, as aquatic organisms are extremely sensitive to anything added to their environment.

Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (Bti) is a natural bacterium that infects and kills mosquito larvae. It is highly selective, killing only mosquitoes and larvae of related flies such (e.g. black flies). Bti is produced commercially and marketed in a variety of formulations.

For the homeowner, Bti is formulated into blocks that can be floated in ponds and fountains. As they dissolve, the blocks release bacterium and are quite effective. Regardless of the method or product used, always follow the instructions and never spray when beneficial insects are present.

Natural enemies—such as fish, birds, and bats—prey on mosquitoes. However, they alone may not reduce adult numbers to acceptable levels . In some areas, the encouragement of bats with artificial bat houses has proven useful.

In combination with scrupulous attention to control of breeding areas, window screens and mosquito nets are the most effective measures for residential areas. Insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets are particularly effective. They selectively kill insects that attack humans without affecting the general ecology of the area.

We carry various products to assist you with mosquito control. All are safe to use around pets and in fish ponds.

Habitat modification should be your first concern. Since mosquitoes require standing water you should drain these areas whenever possible. Clean gutters, flush fountains and birdbaths once a week, empty or treat any container that holds standing water for more than a week. Even temporary puddles following rain or snow melt can support a thriving mosquito community.