Confirming slug or snail damage can be difficult. However, they’re often active during early mornings or late evenings. As noted above, you may also see their glistening slime trails on hard surfaces.

They both like damp spaces and usually feed at night, preferring tender new growth and seedlings. Even though these pests are ground dwellers, they will climb plants and can cause damage well above the ground.

Both pests eat holes out of leaves, creating a tattered appearance. They will crawl into the tightest of spaces to chew away at roots and succulent bulbs.

Often, the damage can go on for weeks before it’s noticed. As temperatures warm in late winter, eggs begin to hatch and the damage accelerates. They are particularly fond of hostas, lettuce, and other tender greens—in addition to low fruit like strawberries.

Because of our damp, dim climate in Western Oregon, slugs and snails are ever present. There will always be some damage. The question is, how much is too much? As they prefer tender, new growth—as opposed to older, tougher plants—only certain areas of your garden will need attention.

If your garden is small, consider removing slugs and snails by hand. Hunting them by flashlight after sundown can be an entertaining activity for you and your neighbors!

You can also trap slugs and snails by placing beer in shallow pans or plastic food containers with a cover. First, cut a few entrance holes around the rim, then fill halfway with beer. Place the lid on top to keep out rain, and bury the trap so the entrances are at ground level. Place several containers throughout the garden near damaged plants. Beer is effective for about 3 days before it loses attractiveness to slugs and snails.

If you get slug slime on your hands, wash it off using white vinegar and warm water. Encourage slug and snail predators such as beetles, chickens, and ducks. Diatomaceous earth, crushed egg shells, and copper tape can make effective barriers as well.

If damage is severe, bait can be extremely effective. Iron phosphate is the active ingredient in products like organic Sluggo. It is not attractive to wildlife, pets, or children. Furthermore, it breaks down into iron and phosphorus, which will enrich your soil. It is OMRI listed so is safe for organic gardening.

Metaldehyde, available in many forms and brands (such as Deadline and Ortho) is highly effective. However, it is dangerous to use around pets, wildlife, and water sources. Regardless of the method or product used, always follow the instructions.

Slugs and snail numbers can be reduced by cultivating the soil and removing weeds, debris, and decaying organic matter—all of which provide breeding grounds.

Shaded areas beneath decks or any other structure can be ideal slug and snail havens. Keeping shady areas weed and litter-free will reduce their populations.