Cyrtomium: Holly Fern
In the Pacific Northwest Cyrtomium are reliably evergreen and a wonderful, easy to grow addition to any woodland garden or shade container. The common name "Holly Fern" derives from the shape of the frond which is similar to Holly and Oregon Grape. The dark green and glossy fronds make them a stand-out addition to the shade garden.
Plant care & info
Family: Dryopteridaceae
Genus: Cyrtomium
Common Name: Holly Fern
Hawaii, East Asia to South Africa and Central to South America.
Loose, nutrient rich, woodland soil with rocks or pumice to ensure good drainage. Cyrtomium prefers abundant water in summer, less in winter. They tolerate drier air than most ferns and grow best in medium to high light. Keep them out of direct sunlight in summer.
Cyrtomium are evergreen and require minimal cleanup in early spring before new fronds emerge. Prune back damaged and old looking fronds to leave room for the newly emerging fronds.
Deer resistant, tolerates moist soil.
Slugs and snails are a potential threat to holly ferns, as is root rot due to poorly draining soil. Sluggo is a kid and pet friendly way to control slugs, and choosing an appropriate planting site is the best defense against root rot.
Cyrtomium is a small genus of 15 to 20 fast growing, terrestrial or rock-inhabiting fern species from around the world. Fronds generally range in length from 1 to 2 1/2 feet in length. Holly ferns prefer moist conditions as they are largely native to damp forests or river banks. They thrive in acidic, nutrient rich soil with good drainage. Propagation through division is best in autumn or early spring.
These bold ferns make great companion plants for larger Hostas and other large-leaved perennials. The serrated edges of Cyrtomium also contrast well with soft textured perennials such as Farfugium, Astilbe, Tiarella, Dicentra and Brunnera. Planted in shade containers, Cyrtomium works nicely with Pansies, Primroses, Hellebores, and ornamental grasses.
Holly ferns are so versatile they also make excellent houseplants. Since they thrive with moisture, they are a good choice for terrariums or bathrooms.
Explore More Holly Ferns
Cyrtomium Falcatum
Cyrtomium falcatum: Japanese Holly Fern
- Distinctive vase shaped habit, with glossy sickle shaped leaflets.
- Grows 1-2′ tall 2-3′ wide.
- Hardy in zones 6-10.
Cyrtomium f. Rochfordianum: Rockford Holly Fern
- A vigorous variety growing 1-2′ tall and wide.
- Attractive leaflets with cut edges creates a lighter texture.
- Hardy in zones 6-10
Cyrtomium Fortunei: Fortune's Holly Fern
- Dark purple stems contrast with pale green leaflets
- Grows 18-24″ tall and wide
- Hardy in zones 6-10
